GRK 1640:  Photophysics of Synthetic and Biological Multichromophoric Systems

• Subject Area: Statistical Physics, Nonlinear Dynamics, Complex Systems, Soft and Fluid Matter, Biological Physics
• Term: from 2010 to 2019
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 148646377

• Final Report Year: 2020

Final Report Abstract

Most of the colours that we experience in daily life result from molecules that absorb and emit light in the visible spectral range and which are therefore referred to as chromophores or dyes. The colours result from the interaction of the dye or pigment molecules with (visible) light. A multichromophoric system is a group of, say, dye molecules that are interacting with each other, for example within a molecular assembly. Owing to the intermolecular interaction the optical excitations of such assemblies can be shared between many monomers leading to delocalized excitations, so-called excitons. These excitons can migrate along the assembly, which makes molecular aggregates, i.e. multichromophoric systems, highly interesting for transporting (solar) energy that can be used for subsequent charge separation. In other words, such systems are promising candidates for the development of novel solar cells based on organic matter. Indeed in photosynthesis, i.e. the natural counterpart of organic photovoltaics, molecular aggregates organized in protein scaffolds play a key role for the efficiency of this energy conversion process. It turns out that the actual nature of the electronically excited states is determined by a complex interplay of various parameters such as the site energy of the monomers (and the variation thereof), the electronic coupling between the monomers (and the variation thereof), the coupling between the electronic states and vibrations (electron-phonon coupling), and the coupling between the monomers and the local environment. Aim of the RTG was to reveal and control the interplay between these parameters to elucidate the fundamental processes that govern energy transfer, charge transfer, and energy conversion processes in multichromophoric systems of both natural and man-made origin. One class of materials studied were conjugated polymers. The influence of aggregation on the photophysical parameters was studied, and a central finding was that for different polymers the aggregate formation as a function of temperature proceeds in a similar coil-to-globule like phase transition process. Yet, supramolecular chemistry offers the opportunity to control the mutual arrangement of the monomers within molecular aggregates by chemical modifications, e.g., by adding/removing hydrogen-bonding or hydrophilic/-phobic groups. In various approaches this allowed i) to elucidate the influence of steric hindrance on the geometric structure formation and concomitantly its influence on the character of the electronic states, and/or ii) to exploit a specifically synthesized supramolecular building block that features a self-assembly in long nanofibres to form a H-aggregate, and which allowed us to verify partly coherent excitation energy transfer over micrometre distances. For the natural materials we employed photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes that accommodate dye molecules in a well-defined arrangement. Owing to the much more ordered arrangement of the chromophore molecules their electronic excitations correspond to molecular exciton states that are shared by several monomers, i.e. the electronic wavefunctions feature (some degree of) coherence. Our work revealed that (moderate) disorder and coherence are not mutually exclusive but that their interplay can work hand in hand for accomplishing an efficient light harvesting antenna structure.

Publications

• Communication: Tailoring the optical gap in light-harvesting molecules. J. Chem. Phys. 134 (15) (2011) 151101
  A. Karolewski, T. Stein, R. Baer, S. Kümmel
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3581788)
• Is there elliptic distortion in the light harvesting complex 2 of purple bacteria? J. Phys. Chem. B 115 (44) (2011) 12947
  S. Jang, R. J. Silbey, R. Kunz, C. Hofmann, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jp202344s)
• Role of structural order and excess energy on ultrafast free charge generation in hybrid polythiophene/si photovoltaics probed in real time by near-infrared broadband transient absorption. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133 (45) (2011) 18220
  D. Herrmann, S. Niesar, C. Scharsich, A. Köhler, M. Stutzmann, E. Riedle
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/ja207887q)
• Control of aggregate formation in poly(3-hexylthiophene) by solvent, molecular weight, and synthetic method. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys. 50 (6) (2012) 442
  C. Scharsich, R. H. Lohwasser, M. Sommer, U. Asawapirom, U. Scherf, M. Thelakkat, D. Neher, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.23022)
• Does conjugation help exciton dissociation? A study on poly(p-phenylene)s in planar heterojunctions with C60 or TNF. Adv. Mater. 24 (7) (2012) 922
  C. Schwarz, H. Bässler, I. Bauer, J.-M. Koenen, E. Preis, U. Scherf, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201104063)
• Exciton self trapping in photosynthetic pigment−protein complexes studied by singlemolecule spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B 116 (2012) 11017
  R. Kunz, K. Timpmann, J. Southall, R. J. Cogdell, A. Freiberg, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jp3040456)
• Fluorescence excitation spectra from individual chlorosomes of the green sulfur bacterium chlorobaculum tepidum J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3 (2012) 3745
  M. Jendrny, T. J. Aartsma, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jz301808h)
• The complex of cytochrome f and plastocyanin from Nostoc sp. PCC 7119 is highly dynamic. Chembiochem 13 (2012) 1312
  S. Scanu, J. M. Förster, M. G. Finiguerra, M. H. Shabestari, M. Huber, M. Ubbink
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201200073)
• Controlling the π-stacking behavior of pyrene derivatives: Influence of h-bonding and steric effects in different states of aggregation. Chem. Phys. Chem. 14 (2013) 1818
  A. T. Haedler, H. Misslitz, C. Buehlmeyer, R. Q. Albuquerque, A. Köhler, H.-W. Schmidt
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201300242)
• Describing Charge Transfer in Extended Donor-Acceptor Systems with Density Functional Theory
  Karolewski, Andreas
  
• Does the reconstitution of RC-LH1 complexes from rhodopseudomonas acidophila strain 10050 into a phospholipid bilayer yield the optimum environment for optical spectroscopy?. J. Phys. Chem. B 117 (2013) 15004
  P. S. Böhm, R. Kunz, J. Southall, R. J. Cogdell, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jp409980k)
• Electronic excitations and the Becke-Johnson potential: The need for and the problem of transforming model potentials to functional derivatives. Phys. Rev. A 88 (2013) 052519
  A. Karolewski, R. Armiento, S. Kümmel
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.88.052519)
• Fluctuations in the electron–phonon coupling of a single chromoprotein. Ang. Chem. Int. Ed. 52 (2013) 8726
  R. Kunz, K. Timpmann, J. Southall, R. J. Cogdell, A. Freiberg, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201303231)
• Fluorescence-excitation and emission spectra from LH2 antenna complexes of rhodopseudomonas acidophila as a function of the sample preparation conditions. J. Phys. Chem. B 117 (2013) 12020
  R. Kunz, K. Timpmann, J. Southall, R. J. Cogdell, J. Köhler, A. Freiberg
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jp4073697)
• Loss of electrostatic interactions causes increase of dynamics within the plastocyanincytochrome f complex. Biochemistry 52 (2013) 6615
  S. Scanu, J. M. Förster, M. Timmer, G. M. Ullmann, M. Ubbink
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/bi400450q)
• Novel host materials for blue phosphorescent OLEDs. Proc. SPIE 8829 (2013)
  P.Strohriegl, D. Wagner, P. Schrögel, S. Hoffmann, A. Köhler, U. Heinemeyer, I. Münster, C. Lennartz
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2023305)
• Optical absorption in donor-acceptor polymers - alterning vs. random. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15 (2013) 20016
  A. Karolewski, A. Neubig, M. Thelakkat, S. Kümmel
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cp52739e)
• Patternable conjugated polymers for organic solar cells. Proc. SPIE 8830 (2013)
  P. Strohriegl, P. Knauer, C. Saller, E. Scheler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2023899)
• Role of hydrophobic interactions in the encounter complex formation of the plastocyanin and cytochrome f complex revealed by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (2013) 7681
  S. Scanu, J. M. Förster, G. M. Ullmann, M. Ubbink
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/ja4015452)
• Role of the effective mass and interfacial dipoles on exciton dissociation in organic donoracceptor solar cells. Phys. Rev. B 87 (2013) 155205
  C. Schwarz, S. Tscheuschner, J. Frisch, S. Winkler, N. Koch, H. Bässler, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.155205)
• The red-phase of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH- PPV): A disordered HJ-aggregate. J. Chem. Phys. 139 (2013) 114903
  H. Yamagata, N. J. Hestand, F. C. Spano, A. Köhler, C. Scharsich, S. T. Hoffmann, H. Bässler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4819906)
• Triazine based bipolar host materials for blue phosphorescent OLEDs. Chem. Mater. 25 (2013) 3758
  D. Wagner, S. T. Hofmann, U. Heinemeyer, I. Münster, A. Köhler, P. Strohriegl
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/cm4023216)
• Using optimally tuned range separated hybrid functionals in ground-state calculations: Consequences and caveats. J. Chem. Phys. 138 (2013) 204115
  A. Karolewski, L. Kronik, S. Kümmel
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4807325)
• An ensemble of rapidly interconverting orientations in electrostatic protein-Peptide complexes characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Chem. Bio. Chem. 15(4) (2014) 556
  J. Y. Guan, J. M. Förster, J. W. Drijfhout, M. Timmer, A. Blok, G. M. Ullmann, M. Ubbink
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201300623)
• Controlled synthesis of water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolytes leading to excellent hole transport mobility. Chem. Mater. 26 (2014) 1992
  J. C. Brendel, M. M. Schmidt, G. Hagen, R. Moos, M. Thelakkat
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/cm500500t)
• Cracked polymer templated metal network as transparent conducting electrode for ITO- free organic solar cells. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 (2014) 15107
  K. D. M. Rao, C. Hunger, R. Gupta, G. U. Kulkarni, M. Thelakkat
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cp02250e)
• Fluorescence-Excitation and Emission Spectroscopy on Single LH2 Complexes of Purple Bacteria
  Kunz, Ralf
  
• Ground state bleaching at donor-acceptor interfaces. Adv. Funct. Mater. 24 (2014) 6439
  C. Schwarz, F. Milan, T. Hahn, M. Reichenberger, S. Kümmel, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201400297)
• Influence of the excited-state charge-transfer character on the exciton dissociation in donor-acceptor copolymers. J. Phys. Chem. C 118 (2014) 27
  K. Neumann, C. Schwarz, A. Köhler, M. Thelakkat
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jp407014q)
• Insights into the excitonic states of individual chlorosomes from chlorobaculum tepidum Biophys. J. 106 (9) (2014) 1921
  M. Jendrny, T.J. Aartsma, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.03.020)
• Ladungsträgertrennung in organischen Donor-Akzeptor Solarzellen
  Schwarz, Christian
  
• Matrixmaterialien für blaue Phosphoreszenzemitter
  Wagner, Daniel
  
• Single-Molecule Spectroscopy Unmasks the Lowest Exciton State of the B850 Assembly in LH2 from Rps. acidophila. Biophys. J. 106 (9) (2014) 2008
  R. Kunz, K. Timpmann, J. Southall, R. J. Cogdell, A. Freiberg, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.03.023)
• Spektroskopie an Lichtsammel-komplexen grüner Schwefelbakterien
  Jendrny, Marc
  
• Synthesis and photophysical properties of multichromophoric carbonyl-bridged triarylamines. Chem. Eur. J. 20 (2014) 11708
  A. T. Haedler, S. R. Beyer, N. Hammer, R. Hildner, M. Kivala, J. Köhler, H.-W. Schmidt
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201403667)
• The dynamic complex of cytochrome c6 and cytochrome f studied with paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy. BBA Bioenergetics 1837 (8) (2014) 1305
  I. Diaz-Moreno, R. Hulsker, P. Skubak, J. M. Foerster, D. Cavazzini, M. G. Finiguerra, A. Diaz-Quintana, B.Moreno-Beltran, G.-L. Rossi, G. M. Ullmann, N. S. Pannu, M. A. De la Rosa, M. Ubbink
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.03.009)
• Trapping on demand: External regulation of excitation energy transfer in a photoswitchable smart matrix. Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 (2014) 013304
  R. Schmidt, M. Pärs, T. Weller, M. Thelakkat, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4860984)
• A Combined Theoretical and experimental Study of Dissociation of Charge Transfer States at the Donor-Acceptor Interface of Organic Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. B 119 (2015) 10359
  S. Tscheuschner, H. Bässler, K. Huber, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05138)
• Controlling conformational order to tune excited state delocalisation and energetics
  Scharsich, Christina
  
• Long-range energy transport in single supramolecular nanofibres at room temperature. Nature 523 (2015) 196
  A. T. Haedler, K. Kreger, A. Issac, B. Wittmann, M. Kivala, N. Hammer, J. Köhler, H.-W. Schmidt, R. Hildner
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14570)
• Organic solar cells with crosslinked polymeric exciton blocking layer. Phys. Status Solidi A 212 (2015) 2162
  T. Hahn, C. Saller, M. Weigl, I. Bauer, T. Unger, A. Köhler, P. Strohriegl
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201532040)
• Revealing Structure Formation in PCPDTBT by Optical Spectroscopy. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys. 53 (2015) 1416
  C. Scharsich, F. S.U. Fischer, K. Wilma, R. Hildner, S. Ludwigs, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.23780)
• Shaping the nonlinear near-field. Nat. Commun. 7 (2015) 10361
  D. Wolf, T. Schumacher, M. Lippitz
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10361)
• Synthesis, self-assembly and photophysical properties of multichromophoric systems
  Haedler, Andreas
  
• The Open, the Closed, and the Empty: Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Computational Analysis of RC-LH1 Complexes from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. J. Phys. Chem. B 119 (2015) 1362
  S. R. Beyer, L. Müller, J. Southall, R. J. Cogdell, G. M. Ullmann, J. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/jp510822k)
• Thermal stability and molecular ordering of organic semiconductor monolayer: Effect of an anchor group. Chem. Phys. Chem. 16 (2015) 1712
  A. O. F. Jones, P. Knauer, R. Resel, A. Ringk, P. Strohriegl, O. Werzer, M. Sferrazza
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201500098)
• Transparent Metal Network with Low Haze and High Figure of Merit applied to Front and Back Electrodes in Semitransparent ITO-free Polymer Solar Cells. Energy Technology 3 (2015) 638
  C. Hunger, K. D. M. Rao, R. Gupta, C. R. Singh, G. U. Kulkarni, M. Thelakkat
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201500014)
• Unified analysis of ensemble and single-complex optical spectral data from light harvesting 2 chromoproteins for gaining deeper insight into bacterial photosynthesis. Phys. Rev. E 92 (2015) 052709-1
  M. Pajusalu, R. Kunz, M. Rätsep, K. Timpmann, J. Köhler, A. Freiberg
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.92.052709)
• A High Transconductance Accumulation Mode Electrochemical Transistor. Adv. Mater. 26 (2014) 7450
  S. Inal, J. Rivnay, P. Leleux, M. Ferro, M. Ramuz, J. C. Brendel, M. M. Schmidt, M. Thelakkat, G. G. Malliaras
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201403150)
• Compact layers of hybrid halide perovskites fabricated via the aerosol deposition process— uncoupling material synthesis and layer formation. Materials 9 (2016) 9040277
  F. Panzer, D. Hanft, T. P. Gujar, F.-J. Kahle, M. Thelakkat, A. Köhler, R. Moos
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9040277)
• Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Blend as Photonic Probe of Biomembrane Organization. Chemistry Select 1 (2016) 4340
  E. Zeglio, M.M. Schmidt, M. Thelakkat, R.Gabrielsson, N. Solin, O. Inganäs
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201600920)
• Crosslinkable low bandgap polymers for organic solar cells
  Knauer, Philipp
  
• Crosslinkable low bandgap polymers for organic solar cells. Proc. SPIE Vol. 9942, 99420O, Z.H. Kafafi, P.A. Lane, I.D.W. Samuel (Eds.) Organic. Photovoltaics XVII, San Diego (2016)
  P. Strohriegl, C. Saller, P. Knauer, A. Köhler, T. Hahn, F. Fischer, F.-J. Kahle
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239400)
• Emitting Species of Poly(3-hexylthiophene): From single, isolated chains to bulk. Macromolecules 49 (2016) 9553
  D. Raithel, S. Baderschneider, T. B. de Queiroz, R. Lohwasser, J. Köhler, M. Thelakkat, S. Kümmel, R. Hildner
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02077)
• Initiator-free crosslinking of oxetane functionalized low bandgap polymers: an approach towards stabilized bulk heterojunction solar cells. J. Chem. Mater. C 4 (2016) 10347
  P. Knauer, T. Hahn, A. Köhler, P. Strohriegl
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TC03214A)
• Ladungstransport in molekularen Systemen und Visualisierung molekularer Strukturen
  Schaffhauser, Philipp
  
• Optische Spektroskopie von Graphen und Gold-Nanostrukturen
  Wolf, Daniela
  
• Revealing order and disorder in films and single chrystals of a thiophene-based oligomer by optical spectroscopy. ACS Photonics 3 (2016) 2315
  S. Motamen, D. Raithel, R. Hildner, R. Khosrow, T. Jarrosson, F. Serein-Spirau, L. Simon, G. Reiter
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00473)
• Role of intrinsic photogeneration in single layer and bilayer solar cells with C60 and PBCM. J. Phys. Chem. C 120 (2016) 25083
  T. Hahn, S. Tscheuschner, C. Saller, P. Strohriegl, P. Boregowda, T. Mukhopadhyay, S. Patil, D. Neher, H. Bässler, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08471)
• Simulating atomic force microscope images with density functional theory: The role of nonclassical contributions to the force. Phys. Rev. B 94 (2016) 035426
  P. Schaffhauser, S. Kümmel
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.035426)
• Structure of Light-Harvesting Aggregates in Individual Chlorosomes. J. Phys. Chem. B 120 (2016) 5367
  L. M. Guenther, M. Jendrny, E. A. Bloemsma, M. Tank, G. T. Oostergetel, D. A. Bryant, J. Knoester, J. Koehler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03718)
• The influence of torsion on excimer formation in bipolar host materials for blue phosphorescent OLEDs. J. Chem. Phys. 144 (2016) 214906
  A. A. Rudnick, S. Bagnich, D. Wagner, S. Athanasopoulos, P. Strohriegl, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953102)
• Theoretical Analysis of Electron Transfer in Proteins: From Simple Proteins to Complex Machineries. In Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration Vol. 41: Cytochromes and Cytochrome Complexes: Structure and Function. (William A. Cramer and Toivo Kallas eds), Springer Verlag. pp.99-127, 2016
  G. M. Ullmann, L. Mueller, E. Bombarda
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7481-9_6)
• Using time-dependent density functional theory in real time for calculating electronic transport. Phys. Rev. B. 93 (2016) 035115-1
  P. Schaffhauser, S. Kümmel
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.035115)
• Alternative Concepts for Electron Acceptor and Transparent Conducting Electrode in Organic Photovoltaics
  Hunger, Christoph
  
• Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Blends for Highly Stable Accumulation Mode Electrochemical Transistors. Chem. Mater. 29 (2017) 4293
  E. Zeglio, M.M. Schmidt, M. Thelakkat, R.Gabrielsson, N. Solin, O. Inganäs
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00474)
• Crosslinked semiconductor polymers for photovoltaic applications. Adv. Energy Mater (2017) 1700306
  F. -J. Kahle, C. Saller, A. Köhler, P. Strohriegl
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700306)
• Excited state dynamics and conformations of a Cu(II)-phytalocyanine-perylenebisimide dyad. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 19 (2017) 22169
  K. Wilma, T. Unger, S. Tuncel-Kostakoglu, M. Hollfelder, C. Hunger, A. Lang, A. G. Gürek, M. Thelakkat, J. Köhler, A. Köhler, S. Gekle, R. Hildner
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp04026a)
• Facile synthesis and chain-length dependence of the optical and structural properties of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Oligomers. Chem. Eur. J. 23 (2017) 13718
  T. Mukhopadhyay, B. Puttaraju, P. Roy, J. Dasgupta, A. Meyer, A. Rudnick, S. Tscheuschner, F.-J. Kahle, A. Köhler, S. Patil
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201702131)
• Influence of crosslinking on charge carrier mobility in crosslinkable polyfluorene derivatives. J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys. 55 (2017) 112
  F.- J. Kahle, I. Bauer, P. Strohriegl, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24259)
• Low loss optical waveguiding in large single chrystals of a thiophene-based oligomer. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 19 (2017) 15980
  S. Motamen, C. Schörner, D. Raithel, J.-P. Malval, T. Jarrosson, F. Serein-Spirau, L. Simon, R. Hildner, G. Reiter
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CP01639E)
• Monomolecular and bimolecular recombination of electron-hole pairs at the interface of a bilayer organic solar cell. Adv. Funct. Mater. 27 (2017) 1604906
  T. Hahn, S. Tscheuschner, J.-F. Kahle, M. Reichenberger, S. Athanasopoulos, C. Saller, G. C. Bazan, T.-Q. Nguyen, P. Strohriegl, H. Bässler, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201604906)
• Nondestructive probing of a photoswitchable Dithienylethene coupled to plasmonic nanostructures. J. Phys. Chem. C 121 (30) (2017) 16528
  C. Schörner, D. Wolf, T. Schumacher, P. Bauer, M. Thelakkat, M. Lippitz
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b05558)
• Signatures of melting and recrystallization of a bulky substituted poly(thiophene) identified by optical spectroscopy. Macromolecules 50 (2017) 6829
  F. M. Keheze, D. Raithel, T. Wu, D. Schiefer, M. Sommer, R. Hildner, G. Reiter
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01080)
• Smaller counter cation for higher transconductance in anionic conjugated polyelectrolytes. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 219 (2017) 1700374
  M. M. Schmidt, M. ElMahmoudy, G. G. Malliaras, S. Inal, M. Thelakkat
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201700374)
• The Impact of driving force and temperature on the electron transfer in donor-acceptor blend systems. J. Phys. Chem. C 121 (41) (2017) 22739
  T. Unger, S. Wedler, F.-J. Kahle, U. Scherf, H. Bässler, A. Köhler
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b09213)
• Direct observation of backbone planarization via side-chain alignment in single bulkysubstituted polythiophenes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 115 (11) (2018) 2699
  D. Raithel, L. Simine, S. Pickel, K. Schötz, F. Panzer, S. Baderschneider, D. Schiefer, R. Lohwasser, J. Köhler, M. Thelakkat, M. Sommer, A. Köhler, P. J. Rossky, R. Hildner
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719303115)
• Directing the aggregation of native polythiophene during in situ polymerization. ACS Omega 3 (2018) 6388
  J. Lebert, E. M. Kratzer, A. Bourdick, M. Coric, S. Gekle, E. M. Herzig
  (See online at https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b00684)
• Disorder Phenomena in Conjugated Polymers and Oligomers: From Single Chains to Crystalline Aggregates
  Raithel, Dominic
  
• Dissociation, Recombination and the Character of Charge Transfer States in Organic Photovoltaics
  Kahle, Julian
  
• Does electron delocalization influence charge separation at donor-acceptor interfaces in organic photovoltaic cells. J. Phys. Chem. C 122 (2018) 21792
  F.- J. Kahle, C. Saller, S. Olthof, C. Li, J. Lebert, S. Weiß, E. M. Herzig, S. Hüttner, K. Meerholz, P. Strohriegl, A. Köhler
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